Additionally, they send the message that LGBT people are both accepted and respected by all levels of government. Laura E. To conduct this study, CAP commissioned and designed a survey, fielded by Knowledge Networks, which surveyed 1, individuals about their experiences with health insurance and health care. Respondents came from all income ranges and are diverse across factors such as race, ethnicity, education, geography, disability status, and age.
The survey was fielded online in English in January to coincide with the fourth open enrollment period through the health insurance marketplaces and the beginning of the first full year of federal rules that specifically protect LGBT people from discrimination in health insurance coverage and health care. The data are nationally representative and weighted according to U.
All reported findings are statistically significant unless otherwise indicated. Using social media platforms, the study authors requested volunteers to anonymously recount personal experiences of changing their behavior or making other adjustments to their daily lives to prevent experiencing discrimination.
Interviews were conducted by one of the study authors and names were changed to protect the identity of the interviewee. Crosby Burns , Liz Neemann. Melissa Dunn , Crosby Burns. Tricia Woodcome Senior Media Manager. Peter Gordon Director, Government Affairs. Madeline Shepherd Director, Government Affairs. Among people who experienced sexual orientation- or gender-identity-based discrimination in the past year: Unique vulnerabilities in the public square Discrimination, harassment, and violence against LGBT people—especially transgender people—has always been common in places of public accommodation, such as hotels, restaurants, or government offices.
In seventy-five countries, a relationship with someone of the same sex is a crime. In every corner of the world, LGBT people continue to face threats of violence and discrimination in their work and private lives. Many countries force transgender people to undergo medical treatment, sterilization or meet other onerous preconditions before they can obtain legal recognition of their gender identity.
Intersex children are often subjected to unnecessary surgery, causing physical and psychological pain and suffering. In many cases, a lack of adequate legal protections combined with hostile public attitudes leads to widespread discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people — including workers being fired from jobs, students bullied and expelled from schools, and patients denied essential healthcare [2].
Moreover, United Nations human rights treaty bodies have confirmed that sexual orientation and gender identity are included among prohibited grounds of discrimination under international human rights law. This position has been confirmed repeatedly in decisions and general guidance issued by several treaty bodies, such as the United Nations Human Rights Committee, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the Committee against Torture, and the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women [3].
Human rights principles, norms and standards lie at the heart of efforts to raise awareness about and advocate for specific actions focused on ending discrimination against and the exclusion of LGBTI people.
The UN human rights office has documented a wide range of human rights violations committed against individuals on the basis of their sexual orientation and gender identity. Although today there are eight UN bodies created under the human rights treaties, their practical benefit for individuals seeking protection of LGBT rights is rather low. The individual complaints to Human Rights Committee procedure is by far the most efficient method of fighting discrimination and protecting LGBT rights.
Though the grounds for discrimination listed in the ICCPR itself and in the First Optional Protocol do not explicitly include sexual orientation or gender identity, the Human Rights Committee in in the case of Toonen v.
With this case, the Human Rights Committee created a precedent within the UN human rights system in addressing discrimination against lesbian, gays and bisexuals. The United Nations, including its funds programmes, specialized agencies and affiliated organizations, are increasingly addressing priority issues facing LGBTI people in their respective work. The report recommends that all States investigate serious acts of violence, repeal laws criminalizing homosexuality and enact legislation to prevent discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.
International human rights law establishes legal obligations on States to ensure that every person, without distinction, can enjoy these rights. This is cause for alarm — and action. Read More. April 27, - President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order that bans homosexuals from working for the federal government, saying they are a security risk.
September - The first known lesbian rights organization in the United States forms in San Francisco. Daughters of Bilitis DOB. They host private social functions, fearing police raids, threats of violence and discrimination in bars and clubs. July - Illinois becomes the first state to decriminalize homosexuality by repealing their sodomy laws. September 11, - The first US-televised documentary about homosexuality airs on a local station in California.
Protests and demonstrations begin, and it later becomes known as the impetus for the gay civil rights movement in the United States. June 28, - Community members in New York City march through the local streets to recognize the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall riots. This event is named Christopher Street Liberation Day and is now considered the first gay pride parade. Lambda also becomes their own first client after being denied non-profit status; the New York Supreme Court eventually rules that Lambda Legal can exist as a non-profit.
January 1, - Maryland becomes the first state to statutorily ban same-sex marriage. January 14, - The first federal gay rights bill is introduced to address discrimination based on sexual orientation. The bill later goes to the Judiciary Committee but is never brought for consideration. March - Technical Sergeant Leonard P.
Matlovich reveals his sexual orientation to his commanding officer and is forcibly discharged from the Air Force six months later. In , the Court of Appeals rules that the dismissal was improper. Matlovich is awarded his back pay and a retroactive promotion.
Photos: Transgender identity in the news. It was rare for black models like Tracey "Africa" Norman to break into the cutthroat lily-white world of modeling in the s.
Norman, who had exclusive contracts for Avon skin care and Clairol's Born Beautiful hair color, didn't tell anyone she was also transgender and had been born male. Once her secret was out, the work dried up.
Here are some other notable moments in the recent history of transgender identity. Hide Caption. Raffi Freedman-Gurspan is the first openly transgender White House staff member.
She will serve as an outreach and recruitment director in the White House Office of Presidential Personnel. The Girl Scouts of the United States of America now welcomes transgender girls, a stance that was made public several years ago but attracted controversy from conservative groups when it became widely known in May.
She has now made a highly publicized transition from male to female as Caitlyn Jenner. Renee Richards, here in , made headlines for undergoing a sex change while a professional tennis player in the s. She was barred from playing as a woman in the U. Open but played in the tournament the next year after the New York state Supreme Court ruled in her favor and overturned the ban. Born female, Brandon Teena was living as a man in Nebraska when he was raped and killed by two men in Teena was The indie film "Transamerica" starred Felicity Huffman as a transgender woman taking a road trip with her long-lost teenage son.
Huffman was nominated for an Academy Award for the role. Bono was named Chastity at birth but came out as a lesbian in and later transitioned to living as a man. His transformation was chronicled in a book and a documentary feature, "Becoming Chaz. Born Larry Wachowski, he made the "Matrix" trilogy with brother Andy Wachowski before transitioning to living as a woman. Wachowski is the first major Hollywood director to come out as transgender.
Cox became the first openly transgender person to appear on the cover of Time magazine. That year, thousands of fans signed a petition requesting that she be a model during the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show, but the campaign was unsuccessful. Actor Jeffrey Tambor portrays a divorced father who begins transitioning to a woman in the Amazon series "Transparent," which debuted in February Her memoir, "Redefining Realness," was a best-seller. Transgender activists hailed his speech.
After years as an androgynous male model, Australian Andrej Pejic underwent sex-reassignment surgery in and is now Andreja Pejic. Police Officers Suspected; Investigation Needed. Get updates on human rights issues from around the globe. Join our movement today. Human Rights Watch. Donate Now. Take Action. Join Us. Give Now.
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